产品 | 让世界更了解山西（三）——山西老陈醋

地理标志产品 山西老陈醋

Product of geographical indication

Shanxi mature vinegar

产品名称：山西老陈醋

地理标志证明商标注册号：第6173333号

地理标志保护产品公告号：国家质量监督检验检疫总局2004年第104号

Product Name:Shanxi Mature Vinegar

Registration Number of Geographical Indication Certification Trademark:No. 6173333

Publication Number of Geographical Indication Protection Product:General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China in 2004 No. 104

　产品特色

山西老陈醋以高粱、麸皮为主要原料，以大曲为糖化发酵剂，经酒精发酵、高温固态醋酸发酵、熏醅、淋醋，入缸或池伏晒、捞冰陈酿而成，陈酿期在12个月以上。

山西老陈醋，色泽为深褐色或红棕色，有光泽；香气为本品特有之醋香，熏香、酯香、陈香浓郁和谐；滋味为食而绵酸，口感醇厚，柔和，酸甜适口，味鲜，余香绵长；体态均一、较浓稠澄清，允许有少量沉淀，具有“绵、酸、香、甜、鲜”的独特风格。

　Product Features

Shanxi mature vinegar is mainly made from sorghum and bran, with Daqu as the saccharogenic and fermentative agent. It undergoes alcohol fermentation, high-temperature solid-state acetic acid fermentation, fumigation of mash, vinegar pouring, and then placed in a tank or pool for sun drying and ice brewing. The brewing period is more than 12 months.

Shanxi mature vinegar, with a dark brown or rufous color and a glossy appearance, the aroma of which is unique to this product, with rich and harmonious aromas of incense, ester, and mature. The taste is smooth and sour, with a mellow and soft taste that is sweet, sour and fresh. Meanwhile, the aftertaste of the vinegar is long-lasting. Shanxi mature vinegar has a uniform form, thick and clear, and allows for a small amount of sediment. It has a distinctive style of “soft, sour, fragrant, sweet, and fresh”.

　人文历史

山西老陈醋是中华民族饮食文化的精粹，也是中国人民生活智慧的结晶，其独特精湛的酿制技艺，被代代相传，成为中国非物质文化遗产中的一颗璀璨明珠。

山西老陈醋作为中国四大名醋之首，已有4000余年的历史，素有“天下第一醋”的盛誉。

《尚书·说命》《竹书纪年》《礼记·内则》《齐民要术》等古籍中都有记载，其萌芽于夏商，名为醯，周代宫廷礼宴，醯列为上品，位居五味之首；汉代开始有专业酿醯作坊，醯渐名为醋；南北朝时，酿醋工艺更趋于完美，为贵族官员名士之奢侈食品；汉唐时期，并州（晋阳）一带的制醯作坊日渐兴盛，从民间到官府，制醯食醯成了人们生活的一大嗜好；明清时代，山西酿醋技艺日臻精湛，并随着晋人的迁徙和晋商的足迹，将山西的制醯技术和食醋习俗带到了长城内外、大江南北，可谓是山西名扬四海的重要载体。

1934年中国工业微生物学奠基人方心芳先生所著的《山西醋》中提到：我国醋之最著名者，首推山西醋和镇江醋。镇江醋酽而带药气，较之山西醋尤逊一筹，盖上等山西醋之色泽气味醇正，皆因陈放长久，醋之本身起化学作用而生成，绝非人工伪制，不愧我国之名产。

2019年2月27日时任国务委员兼外交部部长王毅，在外交部山西全球推介活动中对山西老陈醋“天下第一醋”盛赞；2021年9月29日，山西省第十三届人民代表大会常务委员会第三十一次会议通过《山西老陈醋保护条例》（该条例于2022年1月1日起施行），条例草案共4章24条，适用于山西老陈醋的生产经营、传统工艺和知识产权保护、文化传承、技术创新以及监督管理等活动；2022年1月27日，习近平总书记在山西考察时，了解到国家级非物质文化遗产老陈醋酿制技艺和开展特色经营的情况时提到：健康中国，醋能起到作用。

　Humanistic History

Shanxi mature vinegar is the essence of Chinese catering culture and the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese people. Its unique and exquisite brewing techniques have been passed down from generation to generation, becoming a shining pearl in Chinese intangible cultural heritage.

Shanxi mature vinegar, as the top of four famous vinegars in China, has a history of over 4000 years and is known as the “number one vinegar in the world”.

It was recorded in the Book of History · Yue Ming, Bamboo Annals, Book of Rites·Nei Ze and Qi Min Yao Shu that Shanxi mature vinegar sprouted in the Xia and Shang dynasties and was named Xi which means vinegar in ancient China. In the Zhou Dynasty, during court banquets, Xi was listed as the top grade and ranked first among the five flavors. Since the Han Dynasty, there had been professional Xi brewing workshops, and Xi was renamed vinegar. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the skill of brewing vinegar became more perfect and became a luxury food for aristocratic officials and celebrities. During the Han and Tang dynasties, the Xi-making workshops in the area of Bingzhou (Jinyang) became increasingly prosperous. From civilians to the government, making and drinking Xi became a trend. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, vinegar brewing techniques in Shanxi became increasingly exquisite. With the migration of Shanxi people and the footsteps of Shanxi merchants, Xi production technology and vinegar customs had been brought to the whole China, making it an important carrier of Shanxi's fame throughout the country.

In 1934, Mr. Fang Xinfang, the founder of Chinese industrial microbiology, wrote "Shanxi Vinegar", which mentioned that the most famous types of vinegar in China were Shanxi vinegar and Zhenjiang vinegar. Zhenjiang vinegar has a thick and medicinal flavor, which is inferior to Shanxi vinegar. Shanxi vinegar has a mellow color and aroma, all of which are due to long-term placed. The vinegar itself is generated through chemical reactions and is not artificially counterfeited. It is truly a Chinese famous product.

On February 27, 2019, Wang Yi, then State Councilor and Minister of Foreign Affairs, praised Shanxi mature vinegar “the best vinegar in the world” at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’s Shanxi global promotion activity. On September 29, 2021, the 31st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th People's Congress of Shanxi Province passed the "Shanxi Vinegar Protection Regulations" (which came into effect on January 1, 2022). The draft regulations consist of 4 chapters and 24 articles, which are applicable to the production and operation, traditional craftsmanship and intellectual property protection, cultural inheritance, technological innovation, and supervision and management of Shanxi mature vinegar. On January 27, 2022, during his inspection in Shanxi, the president Xi jinping learned about the brewing techniques and characteristic operations of Shanxi mature vinegar as a national intangible cultural heritage, and mentioned that vinegar can play a role in promoting Healthy China.

　　产地环境

山西省地势呈东北斜向西南的平行四边形，东北高西南低，为典型的黄土高原覆盖的山地高原；农业物产丰富，盛产高粱、大麦、玉米和豌豆，为酿制山西老陈醋提供了极为有利的资源。

山西老陈醋的用水皆取自地下，水脉源自于天龙山。天龙山原名方山，属于吕梁山脉分支，海拔1700米，位于太原市西南36千米，天龙山屏峰黛立，松柏成阴，溪泉鸣涧，山中多砂页岩，森林覆盖率达70%，水质良好，是酿造山西老陈醋的优质用水，这样得天独厚的条件决定了山西老陈醋的味道具有口感醇厚、滋味柔和、酸甜适口、回味绵长的特点。

　　Origin environment

Shanxi Province has a parallel quadrilateral terrain that slopes from northeast to southwest, and is a typical mountainous plateau covered by the Loess Plateau. Shanxi has abundant agricultural resources, including sorghum, barley, corn, and peas, which provide extremely favorable resources for brewing Shanxi mature vinegar.

The water used for Shanxi mature vinegar comes from underground, which originates from Tianlong Mountain. Tianlong Mountain, formerly known as Fangshan, is a branch of the Lvliang Mountains, with an altitude of 1700 meters. It is located 36 kilometers southwest of Taiyuan. Tianlong Mountain is towering, with pine and cypress trees forming a shade, and the sound of streams and springs is pleasant. The mountains are rich in sand shale, with a forest coverage rate of 70%, making it a high-quality water source for brewing Shanxi mature vinegar. This unique condition determines the taste of Shanxi mature vinegar with a full-bodied, soft taste, sweet and sour palatable, long after taste characteristics.

　　产业发展

近年来，山西老陈醋醋企创新力明显增强，力争2025年末，产业集聚效应进一步显现，全省醋产量突破100万吨，主营业务收入突破40亿元，产业规模和效益持续增长；全省在产醋企全面迈过全国平均水平“生存线”，20户以上醋企达到全国行业先进水平“发展线”，1-2家龙头醋企资本市场上市，走出一条规模化、集约化、优质化的“特、优”发展之路。

行业协会积极发挥桥梁纽带作用，利用各种传统媒体和新兴媒体，广泛宣传“天下第一醋”这一山西名片，不断提高山西老陈醋的全国关注度、认知度和美誉度，助力山西醋产业高速发展。

　　Industry Development

In recent years, the innovation power of Shanxi mature vinegar enterprises has been significantly enhanced, striving to further manifest the industrial cluster effect by the end of 2025. Vinegar production of Shanxi province exceeded 1 million tons, main business revenue exceeded 4 billion yuan, and industrial scale and benefit continued to grow. Shanxi vinegar enterprises across the country’s average level of “survival line”, more than 20 enterprises reached the advanced level of the country’s industry “development line”. 1-2 leading vinegar companies have gone public in the capital market, embarking on a path of "special and excellent" development that is scaled up, intensive, and high-quality.

The industry association actively plays the role of a bridge and link, using various traditional and emerging media to widely promote the "Number One Vinegar in the World" business card of Shanxi, continuously improving the national attention, recognition, and reputation of Shanxi mature vinegar, and helping to promote the rapid development of Shanxi's vinegar industry.