产品 | 让世界更了解山西（五）——平定砂器

地理标志产品 平定砂器

Product of geographical indication

Pingding Sand Ware

产品名称：平定砂器

地理标志保护产品公告号：国家质量监督检验检疫总局2017年第98号

Product Name:Pingding Sand Ware

Publication Number of Geographical Indication Protection Product:General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China in 2017 No.98

产品特色

平定砂器是山西传统手工艺制品，砂器作坊曾遍布平定境内及周边很多村子；原材料是采用当地特有的优质粘土，经选土、筛土、制泥、成型、装饰、烘干、窑烧、熏制等多道工序烧制而成。因其表面光闪晶亮，又有“烧饭不变色、煎药不变性、炖肉不变味、煮水无水垢”四大特点和耐酸、耐碱、透气性好三大优良性能及美观实用，几百年来，一直以地方特产闻名遐迩。

Product Features

Pingding sand ware is a traditional handicraft product from Shanxi, the sand ware workshops are all over Pingding County and many surrounding villages; the raw materials are made of local high-quality clay, which is fired through multiple processes such as soil selection, screening, mud making, shaping, decoration, drying, kiln firing, and smoking. Due to its shining and bright surface, and has four characteristics "no discoloration during cooking, no denaturation during decoction, no taste during stewing, and no scale in boiling water", and its three excellent properties of alkali resistance, good air permeability, as well as its beauty and practicality, it has been well-known as a local specialty for hundreds of years.

人文历史

平定县历史悠久、积淀深厚，是“文献名邦”和“中国砂器之城”。

平定县砂器制作，可上溯至两千余年前；近代有秦代砂鼎、砂灯盏等出土。

据文献记载：平定白瓷早在唐代即为皇室贡品，砂器则是当地主要手工业产品和民间日用品；宋代时，130座宋窑中平定窑赫然在列，属定窑系列，称“西窑”；明清时期，特别是清代平定砂器已闻名遐迩，与宜兴紫砂陶、广东砂煲齐名，史称“三鼎甲”，畅销京津冀鲁内蒙古等地；1962年，平定砂器在全国手工业会议和北京轻工业展览会上引起社会广泛关注；1991年后逐步走向鼎盛，原规模较小的手工作坊多数被淘汰，新建了多个生产规模大、科技含量高的民营企业。

Humanistic History

Pingding County has a long history and profound accumulation, and is known as a "literary city" and "the city of Chinese sand ware".

The production of sand wares in Pingding County can be traced back more than two thousand years ago; In modern times, sand cauldron and sand lanterns from the Qin Dynasty have been unearthed.

According to literature records, Pingding white porcelain was a tribute to the imperial family as early as the Tang Dynasty, while sand ware was the main handicraft product and daily necessities of the local people; During the Song Dynasty, among the 130 Song kilns, the Pingding kiln was prominently listed and belonged to the Ding kiln series, known as the "West Kiln"; During the Ming and Qing dynasties, especially in the Qing dynasty, Pingding sand ware was well-known, on par with Yixing purple clay pottery and Guangdong sand pot, known as the "Three Ding Jia" in history, and sold well in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Inner Mongolia and other places; In 1962, Pingding sand ware attracted widespread attention from society at the National Handicraft Conference and the Beijing Light Industry Exhibition; After 1991, it gradually reached its peak, with most of the smaller handicraft workshops being eliminated and multiple private enterprises with large production scales and high technological content being established.

产地环境

平定县四周群山环绕，海拔均在千米以上；由于长期流水切割，沟壑纵横，地形极为破碎；境内山地居多，占总面积60%左右，丘陵次之，仅在县城附近有小块平川；县内气温年均10.5度，最低零下21.8度，最高39度，年降雨量为550毫米，霜冻期为10月下旬至次年四月下旬，无霜期165天。

全县现有耕地47万亩，林木覆盖面积16.5万亩；矿藏主要有煤、铁、硫磺、瓷土、耐火粘土、石膏等，其中煤运藏量最大，有悠久的开采历史；工业生产有电力、采煤、练磺、耐火材料、陶瓷和具有千年历史的砂锅、砂罐、铁货等。

保护范围：平定县全县区域。

Origin environment

Pingding County is surrounded by mountains, the average altitude is above kilometers; Due to long-term water cutting, gullies crisscross and the terrain is extremely fragmented; Most of the area is mountainous, accounting for about 60% of the total area, followed by hills, with only small flat rivers near the county seat; The average annual temperature in the county is 10.5 degrees Celsius, with the lowest being minus 21.8 degrees Celsius and the highest being 39 degrees Celsius. The annual rainfall is 550 millimeters, and frost period is from late October to late April of the following year, with a frost free period of 165 days.

The county currently has 470,000 mu of arable land and 165,000 mu of forest coverage area; The mineral reserves mainly include coal, iron, sulfur, porcelain clay, refractory clay, gypsum,etc., of which the coal reserves are the largest with a long mining history; Industrial production includes electricity, coal mining, sulfur refining, refractory materials, ceramics, as well as sand pots, sand tanks, and iron goods with a thousand year history.

Protection scope: The entire county area of Pingding County.

产业发展

近年来，平定县立足资源优势和转型需求，将砂器、陶、紫砂产业作为转型产业、富民产业、潜力产业予以重点扶持。

平定县委提出“坚持一个思路，优创两个环境，打好五场硬仗”任务部署，坚持把打造砂器业集群作为五场硬仗之一强力推进，推动全县紫砂砂器产业实现规模化、集群化发展，其中包括：创建“中国陶砂之都”的目标，成为全国砂陶产业基地、砂陶文化保护传承示范区和砂陶产业创新发展先导区；砂陶产业专业镇建设要引入工业化思维，在集群与集约上下功夫，努力扩大规模；做优“砂器文化示范园区”、“宋家庄陶瓷产业工业园区”、“砂器产业孵化园区”三大园区；做实“电子商务物流平台”、“紫砂仓储中心”、“功能性紫砂研发中心”三大平台；做特“文化陶”、“生活陶”、“工业陶”三大集群。

Industry Development

In recent years, Pingding County has focused on supporting the sand ware, pottery, and purple sand industries as transformational, prosperous, and potential industries based on its resource advantages and transformation needs.

The Pingding County Party Committee proposed the task deployment of "adhering to one train of thought, creating two favorable environments, and fighting five tough battles", insisting on making the construction of a sand industry cluster one of the five tough battles, and promoting the scale and cluster development of the purple sand industry in the entire county, including the goal of creating the "Chinese Ceramic and Sand Capital", becoming a national sand and ceramic industry base, a demonstration area for sand and ceramic cultural protection and inheritance, and a leading area for innovative development of the sand and ceramic industry; The construction of specialized towns in the sand and pottery industry should introduce industrial thinking, focus on clustering and intensification, and strive to expand their scale; To optimize the three major parks of "Sand Ware Culture Demonstration Park", "Songjiazhuang Ceramic Industry Industrial Park", and "Sand Ware Industry Incubation Park"; Consolidate the three major platforms of "E-commerce Logistics Platform", "Purple Sand Storage Center", and "Functional Purple Sand R&D Center"; Create three major clusters of “cultural ceramics”, “life ceramics”, and “industrial ceramics”.