产品 | 让世界更了解山西（九）——沁州黄小米

地理标志产品 沁州黄小米

Product of geographical indication

Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet

产品名称:

沁州黄小米

地理标志保护产品公告号：

国家质量监督检验检疫总局2003年第75号

Product Name:

Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet

Publication Number of Geographical Indication Protection Product：

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the people’s republic of China in 2003 No. 75

产品特色

“沁州黄”是清康熙皇帝御赐，以皇家贡米而久负盛名，系山西小米的代表，享有“天下米王”和“国米”之尊号。“沁州黄”小米色泽自然，状如珍珠，米油醇厚，清香扑鼻，绵软可口，营养丰富，蛋白质、脂肪、微量元素、粗纤维等均高于一般小米，民间谚语谓“金珠子”、“金珠不换沁州黄”。中医学认为，沁州黄小米味甘，性微寒，有清热、利尿、消肿及滋阴之功效。

Product Features

"Qinzhouhuang"  was bestowed by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, renowned for its royal tribute of millet. It is a representative of Shanxi millet and is known as the "King of millet in the World" and "National millet". "Qinzhouhuang" millet has a natural color, resembling pearls. The millet oil is mellow, fragrant, soft and delicious, and rich in nutrients. Its protein, fat, trace elements, and crude fiber are all higher than ordinary millet, the folk proverb goes "Golden Pearl" and "Golden Pearl does not exchange for “Qinzhouhuang". Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet has a sweet taste, a slightly cold nature, and has the effects of clearing heat, diuresis, reducing swelling, and nourishing yin.

人文历史

“沁州黄”依赖于一套严格的农艺和优质土壤与气候，其传统种植系统可追溯到神农氏炎帝时期。

相传远古时沁州是一片湖水，东南的檀山顶栖息着凤凰。某年大旱作物干枯，唯有凤凰台几株野谷长势良好，秋收喜人。从此人们在此播种，经年培育，谷子越来越圆润晶莹，香甜可口，人们相信这是凤凰衔来的神种。如今凤凰台依然绿树环绕，仙风微拂，人们不断来祭拜神农和凤凰，乞求保佑。“沁州黄”的传统耕作法和有机、绿色的生产方式，是保护土壤和长远农业利益的有效机制。

“沁州黄”源于斯长于斯，植根于当地的资源、水源、羊群、种子等等，是可持续的永久的产业，是更加绿色、低碳、环保的事业。

Humanistic History

"Qinzhouhuang" relies on a strict set of agronomy and high-quality soil and climate, and its traditional planting system can be traced back to the period of Emperor Yan of Shennong.

According to legend, Qinzhou was a lake in ancient times, and the southeast of Tan Mountain was inhabited by phoenixes. One year during a severe drought, the crops dried up, but only a few wild valleys in Fenghuang Terrace grew well and had a pleasant autumn harvest. From then on, people sowed and cultivated millet here for years. The millet became more and more round and crystal clear, sweet and delicious. People believed that it was the divine seed brought by the phoenix. Nowadays, the Fenghuang Terrace is still surrounded by green trees, with a gentle breeze blowing, people constantly come to worship the Shennong and Phoenix, begging for blessings. The traditional farming method and organic and green production methods of "Qinzhouhuang" are effective mechanisms for protecting soil and long-term agricultural interests.

"Qinzhouhuang" originates from and grows in the region, rooted in local resources, water sources, sheep herds, seeds, etc., it is a sustainable and permanent industry, and a more green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly cause.

产地环境

沁县地处东经112° 27＇～112° 53＇，北纬36° 25＇～36° 58＇之间，平均海拔1000～1100米，且境内水资源极其丰富，有“北方水城”之称，有“天旱地不旱”的奇妙的地理气候，给予了“沁州黄”理想的生长条件。

“沁州黄”农耕有一套严格的方法，每个环节都需严格把关：种前要三选（选地选种选肥），三墒整地下种，种谷把三关，挽谷三原则，谷地过“三锄”，防病有三法，割谷有三法，打谷过两遍等等。

“沁州黄”农耕法依赖于“尊重自然，耕读传家、惜土为命、以求永续利用”的乡风民风。

保护范围：沁县的定昌镇、漳源镇、新店镇、册村镇、郭村镇、故县镇、牛寺乡、段柳乡、松村乡、次村乡（现沁州黄镇）、南里乡、南泉乡、杨安乡等13个乡镇；沁县周边武乡县的涌泉乡、故城镇、丰洲镇等3个乡镇；襄垣县的虒亭镇、王村镇等2个乡镇；屯留县的吾元镇，共19个乡镇。

Origin environment

Qinzhou is located between longitude 112 ° 27 ' to 112 ° 53' east and latitude 36 ° 25 ' to 36 ° 58' north, with an average elevation of 1000-1100 meters. The county is extremely rich in water resources and is known as the "Northern Water City". It has a wonderful geographical climate of "drought in the sky and not in the land", providing ideal growth conditions for "Qinzhouhuang".

"Qinzhouhuang" farming has a strict set of methods, and each step needs to be strictly controlled: before planting, three selections (selecting land, selecting seeds, and selecting fertilizers) must be made, three soil moisture levels must be adjusted for planting, three checks must be made for planting grains, and three principles must be followed: three hoes must be used for valley cultivation, three methods must be used for disease prevention, three methods must be used for cutting grains, and two rounds of threshing must be carried out.

The "Qinzhouhuang" farming method relies on the rural customs and traditions of "respecting nature, cultivation and read to bequeath to the family, cherishing the soil for life, and striving for sustainable utilization".

Protection scope: 13 townships including Dingchang Town, Zhangyuan Town, Xindian Town, Cecun Town, Guocun Town, Guxian Town, Niusi Township, Duanliu Township, Songcun Township, Cicun Township (now Qinzhouhuang Town), Nanli Township, Nanquan Township, and Yang'an Township in Qin County; Yongquan Township, Gucheng Town, Fengzhou Town, and other three townships in Wuxiang County surrounding Qin County; Two townships in Xiangyuan County, including Tingting Town and Wangcun Town; Wuyuan Town in Tunliu County has a total of 19 townships.

产业发展

近年来当地政府为了沁州黄的发展壮大，做了大量工作，比如命名了沁州黄镇，以扩大知名度；发展“沁州黄”原产地和主产区的种植、加工、销售全产业链；出台了关于2022年到2030年的沁州黄小米文化系统保护与发展规划；出台了关于推进“沁州黄”产业高质量发展的扶持政策；申报了沁州黄小米传统种植系统的农业文化遗产；制定各项标准，支持龙头企业的发展。

2022年度，沁州黄小米用标企业年产量5322吨，产值13805万元。一些龙头企业销售市场已覆盖全国28个省、区，200多个地级城市，终端销售网点达到1万多个，倍受消费者青睐，并出口美国、加拿大，市场前景广阔。

Industry Development

In recent years, the local government has done a lot of work to promote the development and growth of Qinzhouhuang, such as naming Qinzhouhuang Town to expand its popularity; Develop the entire industrial chain of planting, processing, and sales in the original and main production areas of "Qinzhouhuang"; Issued a plan for the protection and development of the Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet cultural system from 2022 to 2030; Introduced supportive policies to promote the high-quality development of the "Qinzhouhuang" industry; Declared the agricultural cultural heritage of the traditional planting system of Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet; Develop various standards to support the development of leading enterprises.

In 2022, the annual output of enterprises that using the Qinzhouhuang foxtail-millet geographical indication was 5322 tons, with a production value of 138.05 million yuan. Some leading enterprises have covered 28 provinces and regions, over 200 prefecture level cities, and more than 10000 terminal sales outlets in their sales markets, which are highly favored by consumers and exported to the United States and Canada, with broad market prospects.