产品 | 让世界更了解山西（十三）——绛县黄芩

地理标志商标

绛县黄芩

Geographical indication trademark

Jiangxian Scutellaria baicalensis

产品名称:

绛县黄芩

地理标志证明商标注册号：

第59716539号

Product Name:

Jiangxian Scutellaria baicalensis

Registration Number of Geographical Indication Certification Trademark:

No.59716539

产品特色

绛县黄芩以条粗长、质坚实、杂质少而著称于世，其中绛县“南樊黄芩”由于其黄芩苷含量高，在市场上占主导地位。黄芩呈圆锥形，扭曲，长8～25cm，直径1～3cm。表面棕黄色或深黄色，有稀疏的疣状细根痕，上部较粗糙，有扭曲的纵皱纹或不规则的网纹，下部有顺纹和细皱纹。质硬而脆，易折断，断面黄色或浅黄色，略呈角质样。气微，味苦。无粗皮、杂质、虫蛀和霉变。其性寒味苦，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血安胎的作用。

Product Features

Jiangxian Scutellaria baicalensis is known for its long and thick strips, solid texture and low impurities. Among them, Jiangxian “Nanfan Scutellaria baicalensis” dominates the market due to its high content of baicalin. Scutellaria baicalensis is conical, twisted, 8-25cm long, and 1-3cm in diameter. The surface is brownish yellow or dark yellow, with sparse warty fine root marks. The upper part is relatively rough, with twisted longitudinal wrinkles or irregular mesh lines, and the lower part has smooth and fine wrinkles. Hard and brittle, easily broken, with a yellow or light yellow cross-section, slightly keratinized. tiny odor, bitter in taste. No rough skin, impurities, insect infestation, and mold. It has a cold nature and a bitter taste, and has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxifying, and stopping bleeding and preventing miscarriage.

人文历史

90年代以后由于黄芩野生资源减少，栽培资源逐渐成为黄芩药源的主要来源。其中绛县为黄芩种植大县，种植面积3万亩，年产量达6000吨以上。绛县黄芩种植历史记录为1977年面积为3亩。进入80年代末本省开始野生变家种技术研究，从2000开始在绛县黄芩的种植才得到进一步发展，目前绛县黄芩的种植面积和产量居全国之首。

Humanistic History

After the 1990s, due to the decrease in wild resources of scutellaria baicalensis, cultivated resources gradually became the main source of scutellaria baicalensis medicinal resources. Among them, Jiangxian is a major county for scutellaria baicalensis cultivation, with a planting area of 30000 mu and an annual output of over 6000 tons. The historical record of scutellaria baicalensis cultivation in Jiangxian was 3 mu in 1977. In the late 1980s, Shanxi province began to research the technology of wild domestication. It was not until 2000 that the planting of scutellaria baicalensis in Jiangxian was further developed. Currently, the planting area and yield of scutellaria baicalensis in Jiangxian rank first in the country.

产地环境

绛县黄芩种植区地处中条山前沿的丘陵区的梯田台地。黄芩按药用作物分类属根类作物，喜温凉、半湿润、半干旱环境，耐寒、耐旱、怕涝。绛县县境处于中条山东段西北坡倾斜部分，土壤类型以褐土为主，pH值8～8.5，适耕性强，其有机质含量高达8.22～17g/kg。绛县属大陆性季风气候，年平均气温11.4℃，最冷一月，均温-4℃；最热七月，均温25℃。年平均日照时数为2270小时，日平均时数为8.5小时。年均降雨量630㎜，多集中在7～9月，无霜期190天。黄芩种子发芽适宜温度为15～25℃，在夏季高温高湿的环境条件下播种5～7天即可发芽。很好的解决了黄芩出苗难、苗不全的难题。为绛县黄芩后续良好生长和高产量打下坚实基础。土层深厚、土质疏松和土壤中丰富的有机质能有效促进黄芩根系生长，提高了黄芩皂苷等有效物质的积累，保证了绛县黄芩主根粗壮、侧根少、表面浅黄色、断面金黄色、味苦的品质特征。

保护范围：绛县境内古绛镇、横水镇、冷口乡、郝庄乡、陈村镇、卫庄镇、么里镇、安峪镇、大交镇、南樊镇10个乡镇189个行政村。

Origin environment

The planting area of scutellaria baicalensis in Jiangxian is located on a terraced terraces in the hilly area at the forefront of Zhongtiao Mountain. Scutellaria baicalensis belongs to the root crop category according to medicinal crop classification. It prefers warm and cool, semi humid, and semi-arid environments, and is resistant to cold, drought, and fear of water logging. Jiangxian is located in the northwest slope of the eastern section of Zhongtiao Mountain, with brown soil as the main soil type, pH value of 8-8.5, strong suitability for cultivation, and organic matter content as high as 8.22-17g/kg. Jiangxian has a continental monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 11.4 ℃, with the coldest month having an average temperature of -4 ℃; The hottest July, with an average temperature of 25 ℃. The average annual sunshine hours are 2270 hours, and the daily average hours are 8.5 hours. The average annual rainfall is 630mm, mostly concentrated from July to September, with a frost free period of 190 days. The suitable temperature for the germination of scutellaria baicalensis seeds is 15-25 ℃, and they can germinate after 5-7 days of sowing under high temperature and humidity conditions in summer. It effectively solves the problem of difficult and incomplete emergence of scutellaria baicalensis seedlings. To lay a solid foundation for the subsequent good growth and high yield of scutellaria baicalensis in Jiangxian. The deep soil layer, loose soil, and abundant organic matter in the soil can effectively promote the growth of scutellaria baicalensis roots, increase the accumulation of effective substances such as scutellaria baicalensis saponins, and ensure the quality characteristics of strong main roots, few lateral roots, light yellow surface, golden cross-section, and bitter taste.

Scope of protection: 189 administrative villages in 10 townships within the territory of Jiangxian, including Gujiang Town, Hengshui Town, Lengkou Township, Haozhuang Township, Chencun Town, Weizhuang Town, Moli Town, Anyu Town, Dajiao Town, and Nanfan Town.

产业发展

绛县境内有绛县开发区弘瑞药业有限公司、山西丕康药业有限公司，主要经营医药中间体、中成药，年产值达1.9亿元。

Industry Development

There are Jiangxian Development Zone Hongrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Shanxi Pikang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in Jiangxian, mainly engaged in pharmaceutical intermediates and traditional Chinese patent medicines, with an annual output value of 190 million yuan.